PRESSURE Church on the faithful peasants of the province of Bierzo ,
By Xavier Lake Master.
By Xavier Lake Master.
Farmers Bercianos modern age suffered the negative consequences of the powerful pressure during successive centuries. We recall that the issue of taxation, farmers had to meet the actual trebuchet, manor and church. In this case fixarémonos exacted in the Church through their parishes. We took the following book data Vicente Fernández Vázquez, religious architecture in El Bierzo (Siglos XVI-XVIII).
parochial taxation. Then do a
desglose resources derived from parish taxes. The parish priest received the rights Capellania graves or fosarios. Revenues for birthdays and religious services were Obispo and to the parish priest. While the tithes being shared cabildos, parish priest (so-called minors, for their expenses and needs), abbeys, and lay across the real estate and excused the third real. The first fruits of the church financed the factory, and his payment was in kind or cash (1 cuartal rye or 4 real, respectively). Those who tilled with bueis pay 4 real, and that did the azadón, a real, if they were women, half of that reality.
administration of tithes defied the demands of municipalities. This was the case in the city of turrets which meant that the monastery of St. Miguel das Donas finance arrangements of the parish church of St Cristobal in 1678. The conflict came to the Royal Council of Castile. Provision of 1681 Real with determined conviction against the female monastery to pay the cost of the works of the church. Corrixidor also orders the kidnapping of Ponferrada to the tenth of the local until the monastery to pay his wages.
The firstfruits provoked the confrontation between the inhabitants of the monastery of St. Ferradillo Pedro de Montes in 1684. The monastery Berciano required to attend mass in the monastic church in the twelve major feasts of the year. The final agreement between the two parties would have meant that only attend two Masses. But the first fruits have not changed, each neighbor would pay a cuartal rye and widows, half cuartal.
THE WORKS IN THE CHURCHES. The Bishopric of Astorga
which may have regulated the masonry of churches. As the Constitucióis of 1592, ordering "that it heals, repairs in de la Iglesia, who spend more in the thousand Maravedis without the permission of the provisor ordinary." The Bishopric authorizes the construction of churches Berciano. Even could force residents to contribute to the costs of the factory. So it was with its obligations to the faithful of St. Marina de Ribas do Sil (1633). Sometimes, the bishops are delegaban funcióis parish priest and the stewards.
BY pastoral visits diocese. The bishops
performed yearly visits the parishes within their territories. These visits may be delegated to a visitor and temporary. The parishes of Bierzo district depended on the Bishops of Astorga, Lugo and Santiago, and also the Abbey of Vila Franca. These delegates vixilaban accounts made by the stewards, the state of the fabric of the churches, the state of parts and the fulfillment of sacred doctrine. Of course, these pastoral visits by the faithful had to pay the costs of accommodation and meals. These visits have led on several occasions the rejection of the parish priest and neighbors checked.
intervention of Catholic morality.
The Church made it impossible to control and impose Catholic moral Bercianos to your customers. In this sense we tried to control or close personal contacts between young people, for example, when they went to Brañas with cattle. In the eighteenth century the bishop forbade the joints of fiadeiros night, under penalty of excommunication for anyone who has transferred his house, and $ 12 to cadanún who participated in these meetings.
BUILDING OF CHURCHES.
provisor The delegates of the bishopric, commitment to carry out any building work, even with the resistance of the parish priest and neighbors. In Burbia in 1683, urge the visitor a penalty of 50 ducats and rexidores against Butler and even greater excommunication. For the next visit, calls for rexidores to do the work of the chapel, within two months, now under double punishment of 100 ducats.
the positions of the parishes. Municipalities
Bercianos elected stewards of factories and parochial chapels, the officers of the brotherhoods (Judge fellowship hall and butler). The vicars were elected by their employers. But there were times when nobody wanted to assume the responsibility of these positions parish. Why the bishop obliged to accept those positions, "which is not revealed nor Aya enraged by any neighbor or CONCEX Burbia in particular mayordomo ya fuese elected by the parish in u otro Brotherhood sanctuary in (...) ". Even to encourage voluntary acceptance of these positions had to take a profit.
the conversion of chapel in the church.
other occasions municipalities were interested in converting their shrines into churches. But topaban with resistance from neighboring monasteries that did not want to lose power over them. That happened in the chapel of San Ildefonso, Campo de Nara. The customers wanted it to be the church, before the opposition of the monastery of Carracedo. They had to seek the intervention of the bishop of Astorga to attain the rank of the church in 1547.
OF CONTROL in municipalities. Ecclesiastical try
restrinxir or two concellos access instalacióis relixiosas ore. Os de Vilar two reuníanse Barrios no porch, "as lieth in such a day we tend to name people to use and an hejercer the office of judge and prosecutors and aldermen and other officials (...)." O da Ermida visitor of Our Lady of Entrambasaguas calls to a council that fagan a portal "more space for the priests in their duties to prevent eating is coming to this effect in this hermitage as subzedido sometimes by the most endezencia temporary and that it follows (...). " I try to separate clearly and civil relixioso Espazos (Xunta do concello, ening, xogos and dances. Por iso a mediados do século XVIII preténdese prohibir as actividades civís nos edificios, baseándose en que molestaban as celebracióis relixiosas. Foito desta política, en Rimor (1736), o visitador fixa que o concello teña lugar “a no menos de veinte pies (…)”. As autoridades civís, mediante Real Orden de 10 de xullo de 1783, prohiben a celebración de danzas ni gigantones en instalacióis relixiosas.
O Bierzo, novembro de 2010.
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